- #1 CoffeeBiz Tycoon
97% matchMixed64% of 66 reviews2018
Dev: The Sociopath Software
Windows
CoffeeBiz tycoon is a mix of entrepreneurship fun and complicated business simulation. Start your first coffee kiosk, brew, expand, hire, deal with competitors, build a well-known brand, risk, and do everything else needed to build prosperous and profitable business.
Why similar: Simulation 23.4%, Strategy 19.2%, Management 14%, Economy 11.7%, Capitalism 10.8%
- #2 Pet Shop World
96% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Tul Games
Windows · Mac
Manage your own Pet Shop like no one else!
Why similar: Simulation 32.9%, Sandbox 24%, Strategy 18.6%, Management 9.1%, Resource Management 7.3%
- #3 Wall Street Broker
96% matchNo user reviews
Dev: GamesCorpPub: Zero Sun Games
Windows
A real-time portfolio management sim where you build a career as a stock broker. Balance clients' trust, market timing, and your own reputation on a procedurally-generated Wall Street that never stops moving.
Why similar: Capitalism 21.7%, Sandbox 21.4%, Simulation 15%, Strategy 14.9%, Economy 12.6%
- #4 Datacenter Simulator
95% match8 user reviews100% of 8 reviews2026
Dev: Jelle
Windows
A hands-on, first-person datacenter tycoon. Order hardware, haul the boxes, rack the servers, patch every cable and subnet every switch then keep it all online through power cuts, heatwaves and hardware failures as your empire grows.
Why similar: Sandbox 19.7%, Capitalism 19%, Strategy 13.4%, Simulation 12%, Economy 11.3%
- #5 FinSim
94% matchMixed68% of 57 reviews2026
Dev: FinSim
Windows · Mac
Your turn to manipulate the market! A financial market simulator where you can choose your own path. Manipulate news, events, and financial engineering to make billions. Or play honestly, growing companies the legal way. Coming soon!
Why similar: Simulation 25.6%, Strategy 21.4%, Sandbox 18.4%, Capitalism 14.5%, Economy 9.1%
- #6 COLD AISLE: Data Center Tycoon
94% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Velmirestudios
Windows
Build your own data center business from an empty industrial hall. Order hardware, install servers and GPUs, connect power and networking, manage cooling and capacity, and grow from your first rack into a market-leading company.
Why similar: Simulation 35.7%, Strategy 30.6%, Sandbox 25%, 3D 7.4%, Singleplayer 1.3%
- #7 Capitalism Plus
93% matchVery Positive83% of 120 reviews2016
Dev: Enlight Software Limited
Windows
Play the strategy game of money, power and wealth.
Why similar: Capitalism 26.9%, Simulation 26.7%, Strategy 22.4%, Management 12.6%, Economy 11.5%
- #8 Roadbound
92% matchNo user reviews
Dev: DoxfenPub: Simulix Games
Windows
Roadbound is an open-world transport and career simulation. Take on jobs, earn money, explore varied locations, roads, companies and a major airport, then invest your profits in buildings and property as you work your way from beginner to transport professional.
Why similar: Simulation 31.2%, Sandbox 23.6%, Economy 10%, Realistic 9.4%, First-Person 9.2%
- #9 Oil-Manager
91% match8 user reviews25% of 8 reviews2022
Dev: Josh
Windows
Who hasn't dreamed of building an oil empire? Make the dream come true.
Why similar: Simulation 28.2%, Sandbox 23.5%, Capitalism 17.3%, First-Person 9.1%, Management 7.8%
- #10 Undertaker's
91% matchMixed50% of 20 reviews2017
Dev: Hyeson
Windows
Inspired by the economy simulation games oft the mid 90s, Undertaker's let's you manage your very own funeral home.
Why similar: Simulation 32.2%, Strategy 28.8%, Capitalism 18.8%, Economy 10.8%, Management 8.5%
- #11 Bankr
90% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Wend Games & Entertainment
Windows · Mac
Run a bank. Survive the cycle. Build an empire. A deep banking strategy sim on a real IFRS 9 credit model and a tick-by-tick balance sheet. Eleven divisions, twelve personality archetypes, five macro scenarios — and a regulator that actually scores you.
Why similar: Simulation 29.7%, Strategy 25.7%, Sandbox 22.5%, Economy 8.7%, Resource Management 7.2%
- #12 Construction Company
89% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Single Game Production
Windows
Your grandfather's construction company is now in your hands. Take over a business burdened by debt and lead it to success. Hire workers, build crews, purchase equipment, complete contracts, expand your office, and turn the company into a thriving construction empire.
Why similar: Simulation 24.7%, Strategy 21.5%, Sandbox 17.5%, Capitalism 14.2%, Economy 6.8%
- #13 Bonanza Burger
89% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Dawg Patch Games
Windows
Bonanza Burger: Build, manage, and compete! Design your restaurant, hire a top-notch team, and battle rival managers. Conquer challenges, expand, and prove you're the ultimate fast-food mogul!
Why similar: Simulation 24.4%, Strategy 21.2%, Sandbox 17.5%, Capitalism 14.3%, Economy 7.6%
- #14 Ethics Empire
88% match3 user reviews100% of 3 reviews2026
Dev: Nullgrid Studios
Windows
Become the richest business owner in this strategy-based simulator, choose your playstyle trying to balance ethics and profits in this chaotic low poly world. Will you keep your ethical businesses thriving or will you let it all crumble down for a quick buck?
Why similar: Strategy 25.5%, Simulation 23.3%, Sandbox 14.5%, Capitalism 13.3%, Management 11%
- #15 Plug: Build your Empire
87% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Nocturne Games
Windows · Mac · Linux
Build a drug empire on a real-world map. Grow, cook and deal across actual streets, launder the cash through front businesses, smuggle product between real cities and stay ahead of the cops. From one corner to a transnational cartel.
Why similar: Simulation 27.8%, Strategy 25.2%, Sandbox 21.3%, Economy 10.7%, Management 7.7%
- #16 Money Garden Simulator
86% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Sector Games
Windows
In the Money Garden Simulator, money literally grows on trees! Grow diverse currencies, expand your empire, and dominate the global economy. Crush markets, manipulate exchange rates, builde the ultimate Money Machine.
Why similar: Capitalism 21.9%, Simulation 21.8%, Sandbox 19.9%, Strategy 14.9%, Management 8.7%
- #17 Economika
86% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Permadyn Interactive
Windows
Build a company from the ground up and scale it into a global economic empire. Manage production, logistics, real estate, stocks, commodities, and finance in a deep, open-ended sandbox where every decision shapes your growth.
Why similar: Simulation 25%, Strategy 21.7%, Sandbox 17.7%, Capitalism 15.4%, Economy 9%
- #18 Project manager SIM
84% matchPositive100% of 16 reviews2026
Dev: Escapismogames
Windows
Manage the most unpredictable resource - people - in this WASD tycoon! Plan projects, hire a dream team, assign tasks to specialists, and monitor the budget while upgrading your office. Balance between team burnout, complex contracts, and the wrath of upper management.
Why similar: Capitalism 21.1%, Simulation 15.5%, Sandbox 14.5%, Economy 13.9%, Management 12.9%
- #19 Startup Freak
85% matchMixed70% of 53 reviews2019
Dev: PulPul Games
Windows
In Startup Freak you take the role of a budding entrepreneur, and grow your very own software startup from humble beginnings to a multi-million dollar company. Along the way you will have to overcome countless challenges. But the ultimate question you must answer: are you a Startup Freak?
Why similar: Simulation 31.6%, Strategy 28.4%, Management 14.5%, Sandbox 13.3%, Economy 11.5%
- #20 Dead 4 Now: Bio-Weapon Simulator
84% matchMostly Positive77% of 30 reviews2026
Dev: d'Evo
Windows
Craft bio-weapons, master lethal science, and unleash global annihilation. Experiment. Fail. Adapt. Evolve. Repeat until humankind falls.
Why similar: Capitalism 21.3%, Simulation 17%, Strategy 15.7%, Economy 11.4%, Management 8.4%
- #21 Dubai Simulator
83% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Mobilway S.A.Pub: PlayWay S.A.
Windows
In Dubai Simulator, you'll have the chance to design and build your dream city, complete with towering skyscrapers, bustling streets, luxurious resorts, and awe-inspiring landmarks.
Why similar: Simulation 28.2%, Sandbox 19.9%, Strategy 16.6%, Economy 9.3%, Realistic 8.7%
- #22 Game Giant
82% match4 user reviews0% of 4 reviews2025
Dev: Turtle Games
Windows · Linux
Become the biggest game publisher! Find developers, negotiate contract and market the games. Grow your company and design your offices.
Why similar: Simulation 26.3%, Sandbox 21.7%, Capitalism 13.9%, Management 9.8%, Economy 9.5%
- #23 Industry Empire
82% matchMostly Negative34% of 245 reviews2014
Dev: ActalogicPub: rondomedia GmbH
Windows
Median: 4.6 hrsMean: 9.4 hrs≥1hr: 86%
An entire industrial empire under your control. Have you always dreamed of swimming in money? In “Industry Empire” you are the boss of all bosses.
Why similar: Simulation 39.8%, Strategy 34%, Management 13.3%, Economy 13%
- #24 Super Company
81% matchMostly Positive75% of 20 reviews2024
Dev: Dawn Studio
Windows
You will act as an entrepreneur in the 1990s, producing all kinds of goods that citizens need; Providing residential and educational services for citizens; Carry out international trade and upgrade industries. You should choose the right development strategy to grow the company.
Why similar: Sandbox 17.9%, Capitalism 17.4%, Strategy 16.5%, Simulation 15.9%, Economy 14.1%
- #25 Investment Fund Game
81% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: 57 Software
Windows
Investment Fund Game is a singleplayer sandbox simulation where you become the manager of an investment fund. Buy stocks, bonds, commodities. Test different investment strategies, track your performance, and compete with AI-driven funds using their own approaches.
Why similar: Simulation 23.9%, Capitalism 21.8%, Economy 15%, Strategy 14.6%, Management 10.2%
- #26 Devices Company Tycoon Inc
79% matchMixed57% of 14 reviews2026
Dev: ArraGames
Windows
Step into "Devices Company Tycoon Inc"! Lead your tech company to greatness by creating innovative devices like smartphones, laptops, and more. Customize every detail, hire top talent, and expand globally. Host product launches, study market trends, and outshine competitors. Enjoy the game!
Why similar: Simulation 26.3%, Strategy 25%, Capitalism 13.6%, Sandbox 11.7%, Economy 8.6%
- #27 Geopogo Cities: Windsor–Detroit
79% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Geopogo
Windows
A real-world city-building simulation where you shape the future of downtown Windsor–Detroit. Zone, redevelop, and experiment with growth using real map data in a living urban sandbox.
Why similar: Simulation 24.9%, Strategy 22.6%, Sandbox 19%, Realistic 7.7%, Economy 6.8%
- #28 Airline Tycoon 2
80% matchOverwhelmingly Negative18% of 575 reviews2011
Dev: b-AlivePub: Kalypso Media Digital
Windows
Median: 30 minMean: 3.0 hrs≥1hr: 34%
Run a modern airline, design unique airplanes and grow a run-down carrier into a globally recognized company that passengers practically beg to fly.
Why similar: Simulation 40.2%, Strategy 31.6%, Economy 16.2%, Management 12%
- #29 AutoMaker
78% matchNo user reviews
Dev: EXC Interactive
Windows
AutoMaker is an automotive business simulator. Start at the dawn of the automotive history, build your factory, research technologies and design cars as you progress through the ages to the current era and beyond.
Why similar: Simulation 22%, Strategy 18.5%, Sandbox 17.3%, Capitalism 15.4%, Economy 14.3%
- #30 Arzt Simulator
78% matchMostly Negative27% of 11 reviews2019
Dev: NEBEN
Windows
Arzt Simulator - Nimm die Rolle eines Arztes ein und behandle erfolgreich Deine Patienten. Messe den Blutdruck, horche die Lunge ab, fertige Röntgenbilder an und vieles mehr. Stelle die richtige Diagnose und heile Deine Patienten mit der richtigen Therapie!
Why similar: Simulation 47.6%, Strategy 15.6%, Realistic 12.7%, Management 12.5%, First-Person 10.1%
- #31 Industry Giant 2
77% matchVery Positive86% of 1,022 reviews2015
Dev: Fancy Bytes, ReactorPub: Toplitz Productions
Windows
Median: 1.1 hrsMean: 10.1 hrs≥1hr: 51%
Economic booms, stock market crashes, oil crises, upswings, triumphs... Now you can become the greatest power in industry!
Why similar: Strategy 35.4%, Simulation 34.4%, Economy 17.9%, Management 12.3%
- #32 Little Mall Tycoon
77% matchNo user reviews
Dev: ArmBox
Windows
Let's make your dream mall! Hire great employees and train them. Sell everything that customers want. Upgrade your mall and prepare to deal with unexpected events. Be the best mall in the world.
Why similar: Strategy 32.8%, Simulation 31.3%, Sandbox 25.2%, Management 9.9%, Singleplayer 0.9%
- #33 Hotel Simulator
76% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Mobilway S.A.Pub: PlayWay S.A.
Windows
Hotel Simulator is your chance to start a new life as a hotel owner! Keep up with you clients demands by renovating, cleaning and upgrading.
Why similar: Simulation 31.3%, Sandbox 25.2%, Economy 10.8%, First-Person 9.4%, Realistic 9.3%
- #34 Global Fortune
76% match3 user reviews100% of 3 reviews2020
Dev: 9th Floor ArcadePub: 9th Floor Arcade Inc
Windows · Mac
Global Fortune is a business management game on a global scale. Build and manage a global supply chain, take advantage of regional specialties in production, and ship your products around the world to maximize your profits. How large can your corporate empire be?
Why similar: Simulation 40.4%, Strategy 39.7%, Management 11%, Resource Management 8.9%
- #35 Adult Shop Simulator
74% match5 user reviews80% of 5 reviews2026
Dev: SquareDT Games
Windows
Manage your own adult supermarket! Hire staff, stock shelves with 70+ unique adult products, set prices, expand your store, and satisfy your customers’ desires. Unlock new items and create the ultimate shopping experience for adults!
Why similar: Simulation 18.6%, Sandbox 15.6%, Economy 14.7%, Management 11%, Resource Management 9.3%
- #36 Ant Queen
75% matchMixed65% of 283 reviews2016
Dev: inVantage Technologies
Windows · Mac · Linux
Begin a journey like no other, become the Ant Queen and establish your empire. Ant Queen is a simulation game where you breed different types of ants to ultimately conquer your surroundings and achieve a stable ant colony.
Why similar: Simulation 37.4%, Strategy 36.8%, Sandbox 25.8%
- #37 Hero Investor
74% matchNo user reviews
Dev: SmartAtum
Windows
Build an investment firm, trade fictional markets, acquire income-producing property, and create your own ETFs as you grow from a small office into a financial empire in this player-paced management simulation.
Why similar: Capitalism 21.8%, Economy 14.9%, Simulation 14.6%, Sandbox 14.5%, Strategy 12.7%
- #38 Little Big Workshop
73% matchVery Positive84% of 3,391 reviews2019
Dev: Mirage Game StudiosPub: HandyGames
Windows · Mac
Median: 4.4 hrsMean: 8.1 hrs≥1hr: 88%
Manage your workers, stations, machines and create awesome stuff as your little big workshop grows into your dream factory!
Why similar: Simulation 28.7%, Strategy 23.7%, Sandbox 12.8%, Management 12.4%, Economy 10.8%
- #39 Sawmill Simulator
73% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Sunbeam Studio
Windows
Take ownership of an old, underperforming sawmill, a place full of noise, dust, and untapped potential. Step into the world of industrial wood processing and turn raw logs into profit through smart operation, precision cutting, and efficient production flow.
Why similar: Simulation 21.6%, Sandbox 15.6%, Management 12.1%, Capitalism 11.1%, First-Person 10.1%
- #40 Banker Simulator
71% matchMixed60% of 782 reviews2026
Dev: Red Axe Games
Windows
Banker Simulator is a single-player game where you revive a bankrupt bank. With active and passive (idle) gameplay, make strategic decisions to grow your bank, satisfy customers, and tackle financial crises.
Why similar: Capitalism 17.9%, Sandbox 16.9%, Economy 12.7%, Strategy 10.4%, Management 9.6%
- #41 Supermarket Manager 2024
73% matchNo user reviews
Dev: MagicPro
Windows
Transform your modest store into a retail empire in this dynamic 3D simulator. Manage inventory, optimize pricing, and expand your supermarket. Balance supply and demand to become the ultimate Supermarket Manager in 2024!
Why similar: Simulation 25.9%, Capitalism 17.4%, Economy 10.1%, Realistic 9.3%, First-Person 8.9%
- #42 CEO
72% matchMostly Positive73% of 91 reviews2022
Dev: Salty Olives
Windows
Play the CEO of a multi-national conglomerate in this business simulation. Grow crops, raise livestock, build mines and oil wells to get the raw resources needed to make more than 75 types of consumer goods.
Why similar: Capitalism 25%, Simulation 23.8%, Economy 18.3%, Sandbox 13.8%, Management 11.3%
- #43 Juice Stand Tycoon
71% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: TreeByte Software
Windows
Run your own cozy juice stand. Set prices, manage ingredients, upgrade your stand, handle weather, launch ads, and serve more customers as your little business grows.
Why similar: Capitalism 26.8%, Sandbox 26.5%, Simulation 18.6%, Economy 15.6%, 3D 6.4%
- #44 Airline Empire
71% matchNo user reviews
Dev: KS
Windows
Skyline Empire is a turn-based airline tycoon. Found your carrier, connect 300+ real cities, and secure airport slots while competing with up to 100 AI airlines. Set fares, buy aircraft, build hubs, and form alliances to grow a regional startup into a worldwide megacarrier.
Why similar: Simulation 27.5%, Strategy 23.8%, Capitalism 15.3%, Economy 13.7%, Realistic 11.8%
- #45 ANT SIMULATOR: stock market game
70% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Cocomodo25Pub: cocomodo25
Windows
In Korea, small retail investors are called "ants." Survive as one in a fast, volatile stock market modeled on Korea's: read the macro currents beneath the charts, allocate your assets, and outlast the crashes. Play solo, or compete with up to 4 players in the same live market.
Why similar: Simulation 26.7%, Strategy 23.2%, Sandbox 18.9%, Capitalism 12.9%, Economy 9.6%
- #46 Game Tycoon 1.5
72% matchOverwhelmingly Negative15% of 663 reviews2014
Dev: Sunlight Games
Windows
Median: 3.1 hrsMean: 3.5 hrs≥1hr: 96%
Welcome to the Game Industry!The year is 1982. Three young entrepreneurs discover the computer and potential to strike it rich in the Games Industry! Their love for computer games is a common bond that they all share but they are also in fierce competition with one another in a race to build a successful Games Development House…They...
Why similar: Simulation 52.4%, Strategy 27.9%, Management 12.9%, Economy 6.9%
- #47 Worldless: Mercenaries
70% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Owtsider Games
Windows
Worldless: Mercenaries is a fantasy-themed strategy and management game. Recruit, hire, equip and manage your mercenaries. Send them to explore the world, hunt treasures and trade among cities. They might find a dragon - or be found.
Why similar: Simulation 37%, Strategy 36.5%, Sandbox 9%, Economy 7.2%, Management 5.1%
- #48 GastroCity: A Restaurant Tycoon Game
69% match8 user reviews75% of 8 reviews2025
Dev: Expoison Games
Windows
Build your restaurant, plan the layout of tables and equipment, and hire your staff. Choose the dishes to include on the menu, analyze customer reviews, and fix any shortcomings. Use your income wisely to invest in decor and equipment, and improve service quality. This is your amazing restaurant!
Why similar: Simulation 27.9%, Strategy 24.3%, Sandbox 22%, Economy 8.4%, 3D 6.7%
- #49 Nightclub Architect
70% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Setfire Ent.
Windows
Nightclub Architect is a nightclub construction and management simulator with strategic management elements. Design, build, and control the atmosphere as you transform an empty space into the heart of urban nightlife.
Why similar: Simulation 26.5%, Management 18.4%, Sandbox 17.7%, Economy 12.2%, First-Person 10.2%
- #50 Fantasy Kingdom Merchant Simulator
69% matchNo user reviews
Dev: dadmakesgames
Windows
You are the merchant in a fantasy kingdom. Run the store, stock shelves with potions, magical weapons, and armour. Set prices, hire staff, and expand your business by collaborating with local artisans. Supply NPC heroes so they can keep battling the kingdom's enemies.
Why similar: Simulation 23.7%, Capitalism 19.9%, Economy 14.3%, Sandbox 12.1%, Management 11.9%
- #51 Sunny Blooms Garden Center
67% matchMixed53% of 15 reviews2026
Dev: Msoft
Windows
Create your dream garden center! Design, decorate and stock it with stunning plants to wow customers and earn top ratings. Manage staff, suppliers, and finances to stay ahead of the competition. Take control of stock management, interact with cash registers and experience the day-to-day operations.
Why similar: Simulation 32%, Economy 19%, Management 13.7%, Realistic 11.7%, Resource Management 11.2%
- #52 BankingSim
68% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Loose Change Games
Windows · Linux
BankingSim puts you in charge of a growing bank. Issue loans, set interest rates, manage risk, and deal with defaults as you grow your financial empire.
Why similar: Capitalism 29.1%, Strategy 19.8%, Simulation 17.5%, Economy 15.9%, Management 11.4%
- #53 Spice Road
69% matchMixed68% of 69 reviews2014
Dev: Aartform Games
Windows
Median: 3.1 hrsMean: 4.5 hrs≥1hr: 97%
Strategy, trade and empire building on the old Silk Road. Spice Road is a town building, social and economic simulation game full of original challenges.
Why similar: Simulation 39.3%, Strategy 39.2%, Economy 13.7%, Management 7.9%
- #54 The Trade Prince
67% match9 user reviews100% of 9 reviews2023
Dev: Blazing Nebula
Windows
The Trade Prince is a logistical economic simulation game in which you build automated trade networks across multiple planets to produce increasingly complex goods.
Why similar: Simulation 31.2%, Strategy 27%, Capitalism 22.8%, Economy 12%, Resource Management 6.4%
- #55 Model Co.
67% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: TiredRocks
Windows
Found a scrappy AI startup, train models nobody's seen before, and race rival labs to the frontier. Hire researchers, ship chatbots and developer tools, juggle burn and churn, go public, and build the lab that defines the field — a cozy retro management sim about the AI Hype rush.
Why similar: Simulation 27.3%, Strategy 24.4%, Sandbox 21.7%, Capitalism 14.6%, Management 6.5%
- #56 Imhotep, Pyramid Builder
68% matchMostly Positive75% of 16 reviews2016
Dev: Game Studio Abraham Stolk Inc.
Windows · Mac · Linux
Do you like watching others do all the work?Cats do!In this unique game (AVX req'd) you plan, direct and oversee the construction of a Pyramid in Ancient Egypt.Organize agriculture, plan the village, direct the building and watch thousands of workers on screen, in real time.Build it, stone by stone!
Why similar: Simulation 41.4%, Strategy 39.4%, Economy 19.3%
- #57 Fuel Station Simulator
67% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: glass Pixel Games
Windows
Are you ready for the most comprehensive fuel station simulation ever? Manage your fuel station, your shop, the car wash, the workshop, your employees and much more…
Why similar: Simulation 19.1%, Strategy 17.6%, Economy 15.3%, Sandbox 14.7%, Management 11.5%
- #58 Resort Manager
66% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Nesalis GamesPub: FreeMind S.A.
Windows
Resort Manager – become the owner of a holiday resort and build the tourist empire of your dreams! Manage, invest, and grow your summer haven to attract more and more guests and transform a small getaway into a vibrant hotspot full of attractions.
Why similar: Simulation 25.7%, Sandbox 21.5%, Strategy 19.7%, Management 11.6%, Economy 6.8%
- #59 Family Office Simulator
64% matchNo user reviews94% of 31 reviews2026
Dev: Vitalis Interactive
Windows
Build and manage a real multi‑entity family office as you acquire properties, hire staff, structure trusts, and grow generational wealth through authentic financial systems.
Why similar: Capitalism 23.1%, Simulation 17.1%, Economy 15%, Strategy 12.4%, Management 12.2%