- #1 Peep Invasion
97% match4 user reviews75% of 4 reviews2022
Dev: Poema Games
Windows
Forge your team from a variety of different creatures, each with their own strengths and abilities, and stop the never-ending invasion of Peeps!
Why similar: Tower Defense 46.7%, Strategy 19.5%, Tactical 13.6%, Magic 7.5%, Fantasy 5.2%
- #2 Tower Defense Monster
96% match1 user reviews0% of 1 reviews2026
Dev: mbm
Windows
In Tower Defense: Monster, you'll have to defeat the army of invading monsters.
Why similar: Tower Defense 43%, Strategy 18.2%, 2D Platformer 14.3%, Tactical 10.7%, Magic 7.6%
- #3 Tiles and Towers TD
96% matchMostly Positive79% of 28 reviews2022
Dev: Max Ritters
Windows
A 3D tower defense where not only the towers matters but also the ground that alters the towers. Spiced up with randomized wave modifications, skilltree, unique towers and spells. Voila! You get Tiles and Towers TD!
Why similar: Tower Defense 49.1%, Strategy 23.2%, Tactical 14.6%, Magic 10.9%, Singleplayer 2.2%
- #4 Defenders of Asteria
95% matchPositive80% of 10 reviews2022
Dev: Bastian Germer
Windows
Asteria is under siege! Take up arms as the commander and find the perfect strategy in this hero filled tower defense game. Will you become a Defender of Asteria or fall short?
Why similar: Tower Defense 52.7%, Strategy 25.4%, Top-Down 9.7%, Fantasy 7.6%, Indie 2.5%
- #5 Chaos Invasion TD
94% match1 user reviews0% of 1 reviews2025
Dev: GTTK STUDIO
Windows · Mac
"Chaos Invasion TD" – Immerse Yourself in a Fantasy 2D Strategy Tower Defense Epic! Build. Defend. Conquer. The chaos awaits.
Why similar: Tower Defense 51.9%, Strategy 24.4%, 2D Platformer 13.1%, Fantasy 8.3%, Singleplayer 2.3%
- #6 GemCraft - Chasing Shadows
94% matchVery Positive95% of 4,395 reviews2015
Dev: Game in a BottlePub: Armor Games Studios
Windows
Median: 4.6 hrsMean: 19.6 hrs≥1hr: 91%
An epic, challenging tower defense game with an emphasis on strategy and replayability. Summon gems of immense magical potency and harness their unique abilities against a seemingly endless horde of monsters. The archdemon seeks to swallow the world, and you must journey to stand against her.
Why similar: Tower Defense 68.8%, Strategy 15.9%, Tactical 5.5%, Top-Down 3.2%, Indie 2.7%
- #7 Hormone Wars - Tower Defense
93% match2 user reviews50% of 2 reviews2021
Dev: 3d pixel art studio
Windows
Do you like Tower Defense games with Strategy elements? Well, look no further! We've got exactly what you're looking for! Get ready to defend your settlement from enemies using a huge arsenal of towers!
Why similar: Tower Defense 55.2%, Tactical 24.1%, Strategy 20.5%, Indie 0.1%, Casual 0%
- #8 Heroes Battle Awakening
92% match1 user reviews100% of 1 reviews2026
Dev: Eastasiasoft Limited
Windows
Fight monsters with monsters! Heroes Battle Awakening is a top-down tower defense tactics game that puts you in command of cyclops knights, minotaurs, skull-topped guard towers and more as you fend off invaders.
Why similar: Tower Defense 48.9%, Strategy 23.2%, Tactical 22.4%, Indie 2.2%, Casual 2%
- #9 Motherboard Under Attack
91% matchPositive97% of 30 reviews2022
Dev: AlbiStudios
Windows
Solder diodes, capacitors and other electronic components to defend your motherboard from waves of evil viruses!
Why similar: Tower Defense 50%, Strategy 23.7%, Tactical 18.4%, Indie 3.4%, Singleplayer 2.5%
- #10 Slime Virus Defense
91% matchNo user reviews
Dev: ES Studio
Windows
Slime Virus Defense is a 2D strategy game where animal towers defend your computer from invading virus-like slimes. Use unique tower classes and skills to develop strategies and stop the slime invasion before it's too late!
Why similar: Tower Defense 45.8%, Strategy 27.6%, Tactical 14.8%, Top-Down 8.2%, Indie 2.3%
- #11 Defender of Darkness
90% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: KwaKwaGames
Windows
An idle tower defense game: build fortifications, manage limited resources, cast spells, and decide which dark lords to save before the final battle against the forces of good. And don’t forget to raise your kraken!
Why similar: Tower Defense 44.2%, Strategy 20.7%, Tactical 17.4%, Magic 11.3%, Fantasy 3.9%
- #12 iBomber Defense
89% matchMostly Positive73% of 248 reviews2011
Dev: Cobra Mobile
Windows · Mac
Median: 1.3 hrsMean: 7.2 hrs≥1hr: 54%
iBomber Defense combines classic tower defense gameplay with intense action and strategy. Keep enemies at bay all over the world using a variety of weapons and tactics, from rattling Machine guns, explosive cannons and awesome anti-aircraft artillery!
Why similar: Tower Defense 68.6%, Strategy 24.8%, Indie 5.5%, Casual 1.1%
- #13 Princess Defender Episode 1
89% match5 user reviews100% of 5 reviews2021
Dev: Bruno QueirozPub: Boss Studio
Windows
Several realms being attacked by monsters, and you don't know what to do, just fight
Why similar: Tower Defense 53%, Strategy 23.4%, 2D Platformer 14.7%, Fantasy 5.1%, Indie 2.3%
- #14 Warmonger: Sins of the Naga
88% match5 user reviews60% of 5 reviews2022
Dev: Xocodili
Windows
Gunpowder and Sorcery Squad-Based Tower Defense game made by just one person
Why similar: Tower Defense 45.5%, Strategy 26.8%, Tactical 16.3%, Fantasy 7.8%, Indie 2.3%
- #15 KillGem - New Blood
87% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Radical Byte
Windows · Mac · Linux
KillGem - New Blood combines the best of classic tower defense with fresh mechanics and modern visuals. Build powerful defense systems and journey across the continent as you battle against the swarm.
Why similar: Tower Defense 47.7%, Tactical 20.4%, Strategy 14.3%, Top-Down 9.8%, Fantasy 4.3%
- #16 Defense Zone
86% matchVery Positive82% of 85 reviews2014
Dev: Artem Kotov
Windows · Mac · Linux
Stunning detail of levels, in-depth gameplay, finely tuned balance of all levels and turrets. During the game you will hold your defense with your turrets against the massive hordes of enemies.
Why similar: Tower Defense 67.3%, Strategy 26.4%, Indie 6.2%
- #17 War in a Box: Paper Tanks
86% matchMostly Positive71% of 208 reviews2014
Dev: DQ Team
Windows · Mac · Linux
Median: 42 minMean: 9.5 hrs≥1hr: 44%
Build your towers of paper before they get out of the box and make a big mess in the room. Manage the turrets, upgrade and be careful where you put them... every decision can be fatal! Watch out for the air units, they have a different route!
Why similar: Tower Defense 69%, Strategy 25%, Indie 6%
- #18 Crumbled World
85% match8 user reviews50% of 8 reviews2016
Dev: Clone Corps
Windows · Linux
Crumbled World is a tower defense game where you're tasked to create a maze of defensive structures with the purpose to defend the world crystal. The world crystal is what keeps the world from further collapsing into darkness and without it no hope exists.
Why similar: Tower Defense 60.7%, Strategy 31%, Indie 8.3%
- #19 Defense Zone 2
84% matchVery Positive85% of 164 reviews2014
Dev: Artem Kotov
Windows · Mac · Linux
Stunning detail of levels, in-depth gameplay, finely tuned balance of all levels and turrets. The new, engaging levels are even more stunning and impressive.
Why similar: Tower Defense 72.1%, Strategy 22.6%, Indie 5.3%
- #20 The Aether Project
84% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Public Void
Windows
A classic tower defense game with evolving battlefields and relentless waves. Build deadly defenses, adapt to new attack routes, and survive escalating enemy assaults.
Why similar: Tower Defense 50.8%, Tactical 19.6%, Strategy 17.1%, Fantasy 8.7%, Indie 3.1%
- #21 Endless TD
82% matchMixed53% of 15 reviews2026
Dev: INFINITE RETRY STUDIO
Windows
Endless TD: online co-op and PvP tower defense for 1–4 players. Build wild damage types + talent combos, merge towers into monsters, and survive evolving maps, weather, and bosses in endless waves. Climb leaderboards for highest wave (solo & team).
Why similar: Tower Defense 47.5%, Tactical 22.3%, Strategy 22%, Top-Down 5.5%, Indie 1.8%
- #22 Dead TD
83% match2 user reviews100% of 2 reviews2021
Dev: Aaron Mault
Windows
Dead TD is a tower defense game that was inspired by the old school original maps from WC3. It features a wide range of towers that upgrade into more powerful types and features a range of different abilities that can be used to create the ultimate defense.
Why similar: Tower Defense 59.8%, Strategy 28.2%, Top-Down 9.7%, Singleplayer 2.3%
- #23 Harvest: Massive Encounter
82% matchMostly Positive79% of 164 reviews2009
Dev: Oxeye Game Studio
Windows · Mac · Linux
Median: 1.2 hrsMean: 3.9 hrs≥1hr: 54%
Harvest: Massive Encounter is an award-winning real-time strategy game with battles of epic proportions and a unique style of resource management and exploration. Build power plants, mineral harvesters and defense towers and make sure they have sufficient energy to fend off endless hordes of evil aliens.
Why similar: Tower Defense 64.8%, Strategy 27.1%, Indie 6.6%, Singleplayer 1.5%
- #24 Evil Defenders
81% matchVery Positive82% of 406 reviews2015
Dev: CP Decision
Windows · Mac
Median: 4.8 hrsMean: 11.7 hrs≥1hr: 94%
Evil Defenders is a fun, frenetic defense game: build and upgrade your towers, сast spells to repel enemy forces, use special landmarks and defend the Lands of Evil from invaders! Feel free to play the game in many different ways through unique tower upgrades, a deep skill tree and 100 in-game achievements.
Why similar: Tower Defense 72.3%, Strategy 20.7%, Indie 4.4%, Casual 2.6%
- #25 Ezaron Defense
81% matchVery Positive81% of 106 reviews2021
Dev: RVL Games
Windows
A classic 3D Tower Defense fantasy game, made by a very small and dedicated team.
Why similar: Tower Defense 55.3%, Strategy 19.5%, Tactical 11.7%, Fantasy 4.8%, Top-Down 4.4%
- #26 Bots Rush
80% match3 user reviews100% of 3 reviews2018
Dev: Ponomarev Denis
Windows
Bots Rush is a unique mix of Tower Defense and logistic puzzle. You will find a set of interesting and complicated game levels, original enemies. Your task is simply to build a network of roads to deliver resources to factories and ammo to towers. Sounds easy, right? Lets check this out.
Why similar: Tower Defense 56.5%, Strategy 34.7%, Indie 8.8%
- #27 Cubemen
79% matchMostly Positive71% of 511 reviews2012
Dev: 3 SprocketsPub: 3 Sprockets
Windows · Mac · Linux
Median: 36 minMean: 3.6 hrs≥1hr: 35%
Just Updated! Version 1.1 now has 6 New online Mayhem levels, Character Customization, 35 Defense levels, 25 Skirmish levels, and more!
Why similar: Tower Defense 68.3%, Strategy 24.3%, Indie 6.2%, Singleplayer 1.3%
- #28 休止符 StopSign
78% match6 user reviews83% of 6 reviews2020
Dev: 烟熏渔
Windows
Tower defense, 24 characters, 50 + spells, challenge your level of operation and strategy.
Why similar: Tower Defense 43.6%, 2D Platformer 21.1%, Strategy 21.1%, Fantasy 5%, Indie 4.1%
- #29 Old School Tower Defense
77% match8 user reviews63% of 8 reviews2024
Dev: Gökhan Kahraman
Windows
Build and upgrade towers with unique abilities to stop waves of enemies. With the advanced augment system, every 3 rounds you can boost your defenses and create strategies that fit your playstyle.
Why similar: Tower Defense 43.7%, Strategy 25.4%, Tactical 13.9%, Top-Down 8.1%, Fantasy 5.3%
- #30 Selknam Defense
78% matchMixed41% of 58 reviews2014
Windows · Mac
Median: 30 minMean: 1.7 hrs≥1hr: 33%
Selknam Defense is more than an exceptional strategy game. It’s a gateway to the past that puts a nation’s destiny into your control. Do you have the skills to alter history and save the Selknam?
Why similar: Tower Defense 65.2%, Strategy 27.7%, Indie 7.1%
- #31 Magic Quest
77% matchMixed67% of 58 reviews2016
Dev: Stereo7 Games
Windows
Median: 4.5 hrsMean: 4.7 hrs≥1hr: 99%
Magic Quest is a tower defense game with towers, mighty enemies, bosses and heroes with unique abilities.
Why similar: Tower Defense 54.3%, Strategy 29.5%, Fantasy 7.3%, Indie 4.8%, Casual 4.1%
- #32 Crystals Bureau
76% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: 水晶像素
Windows
Command your Escort Cart and navigate freely across the map! Plot your own defense routes, build towers, hunt for powerful artifacts, and defeat Umbra monsters to bring the Crystal Core home.
Why similar: Tower Defense 48.5%, Tactical 25.5%, Strategy 15.4%, Magic 9.5%, Singleplayer 1.1%
- #33 Holy Towers
76% match8 user reviews38% of 8 reviews2018
Dev: PlayFlock Two
Windows
Defeat hordes of imps in the very first Tower Defence game about the order of monks! All this to defend humankind from hordes of demons!
Why similar: Tower Defense 66.3%, Strategy 33.7%
- #34 Defentrix
73% match5 user reviews100% of 5 reviews2026
Dev: Emir Sedat Sirmen
Windows
Defentrix is an intense single-player tower defense strategy game where every decision matters. Plan your towers, react under real-time pressure, and hold the line with smart tactics instead of luck.
Why similar: Tower Defense 55.3%, Tactical 27%, Strategy 16.3%, Singleplayer 1.4%
- #35 Prime World: Defenders
75% matchMostly Positive75% of 1,055 reviews2013
Dev: Nival
Windows · Mac
Median: 4.0 hrsMean: 9.2 hrs≥1hr: 95%
Fight off hordes of monstrous mutants created from a strange cataclysmic event in the new tower defense game, Prime World: Defenders. Join a group of exile treasure hunters who have ventured into the capital of an ancient empire, vast with mystery and danger.
Why similar: Tower Defense 69.3%, Strategy 14.8%, Tactical 6.1%, Fantasy 4%, Indie 2.9%
- #36 Fieldrunners
75% matchMixed67% of 347 reviews2012
Dev: Subatomic Studios LLC
Windows · Mac
Median: 54 minMean: 10.9 hrs≥1hr: 48%
Fieldrunners is now available on Steam! Download it now to play the hit tower defense game critics and fans have been raving about. Descend into the world of Fieldrunners, the most anticipated and visually stunning game in tower defense history!
Why similar: Tower Defense 74.8%, Strategy 18.1%, Indie 4.5%, Casual 2.6%
- #37 Dungeon Warfare 2
74% matchVery Positive90% of 1,151 reviews2018
Dev: Valsar
Windows · Mac
Median: 5.2 hrsMean: 15.2 hrs≥1hr: 94%
Become a dungeon lord to defend your dungeons with the deadliest of traps and insidious contraptions against greedy adventurers and wannabe heroes.
Why similar: Tower Defense 58.7%, Strategy 33.5%, Indie 7.8%
- #38 Portal Defense
73% matchPositive82% of 22 reviews2022
Dev: Stealthy Wolves Studios LLC
Windows
Our game is a basic tower defense game where monsters are coming in through a portal are trying to destroy your tower! The only way to stop them is to send out your units, level up your tower and try to outwit them!
Why similar: Tower Defense 56.1%, Strategy 26.6%, Magic 8.5%, Fantasy 6%, Singleplayer 2.8%
- #39 Space Adventure TD
74% match2 user reviews0% of 2 reviews2019
Dev: Raphael B.
Windows
A Tower Defense game made in the best tradition with 35 unique towers, 70 upgrades and 8 biomes. A 20 level campaign and 2 challenge levels for now, with more to come! Made by an indie developper.
Why similar: Tower Defense 50.9%, Strategy 42.6%, Indie 3.8%, Singleplayer 2.7%
- #40 Kingdom Rush - Tower Defense
72% matchOverwhelmingly Positive97% of 17,096 reviews2014
Dev: Ironhide Game Studio
Windows · Mac · Linux
Median: 5.0 hrsMean: 16.3 hrs≥1hr: 86%
Get ready for an epic journey to defend your kingdom against hordes of orcs, trolls, evil wizards and other nasty fiends using a vast arsenal of towers and spells at your command!Fight on forests, mountains and wastelands, customizing your defensive strategy with different tower upgrades and specializations!
Why similar: Tower Defense 61.4%, Tactical 14.5%, Strategy 13.9%, Fantasy 5.1%, Indie 2.1%
- #41 Cubemen 2
73% matchMixed68% of 231 reviews2013
Dev: 3 Sprockets
Windows · Mac · Linux
Median: 2.2 hrsMean: 4.0 hrs≥1hr: 93%
Cubemen 2 is a fast paced, action packed, original 3D Strategy game where you use your little Cubemen units to defend and attack enemies in a range of awesome game modes including CTF, Skirmish, Territory and more.
Why similar: Tower Defense 61%, Strategy 30.4%, Indie 8.6%
- #42 King's Guard TD
72% matchMixed58% of 369 reviews2016
Dev: NightbinderPub: My Way Games
Windows
Median: 3.0 hrsMean: 3.8 hrs≥1hr: 93%
Your Highness, our kingdom is at risk. We’re facing great danger! Not only villagers, but also maidens, warriors, mages, ravens, bats, eagles and dragons are trying to destroy our empire. Guard your throne and stop them now!
Why similar: Tower Defense 63%, Strategy 25%, Indie 7.4%, Casual 4.5%
- #43 Scrapbot Outpost
71% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Blackboard Studios
Windows · Linux
Defend a salvaged power core with linked tower networks on handcrafted scrapyard maps.
Why similar: Tower Defense 54.9%, Strategy 26.4%, Tactical 16.1%, Singleplayer 2.7%
- #44 Fantasy Tower Defense
71% match1 user reviews100% of 1 reviews2025
Dev: Ktisis Games
Windows
Fantasy Tower Defense is a challenging, fast-paced, and strategic Tower Defense game where you frantically build towers, cast spells, and upgrade to stop monsters from reaching your castle.
Why similar: Tower Defense 56.1%, Strategy 34.6%, Fantasy 6.7%, Singleplayer 2.6%
- #45 Tac Tower
70% match7 user reviews100% of 7 reviews2025
Dev: A4C Studios
Windows
Build, defend and conquer in a strategic 3D tower defense game filled with unique enemies and challenging maps!
Why similar: Tower Defense 46.2%, Strategy 18%, Tactical 15.9%, Top-Down 9.2%, Fantasy 6.1%
- #46 The Wall Must Hold
70% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Patrik Macsuga
Windows · Mac · Linux
Massive-scale tower defense set on a besieged medieval wall. Place and upgrade towers, command your hero, and unleash powerful abilities to hold the line as thousands of undead, orcs, goblins, and worse swarm your defenses. Every second you survive, the horde grows stronger. The Wall must hold.
Why similar: Tower Defense 45.5%, Tactical 21.8%, Strategy 18.5%, Fantasy 7.2%, Singleplayer 2.6%
- #47 Defense Technica
71% matchMostly Negative40% of 189 reviews2013
Dev: Kuno Interactive
Windows · Mac
Median: 3.4 hrsMean: 4.6 hrs≥1hr: 95%
Defense Technica is the next evolution in hardcore tower defense strategy games. Protect the core from an onslaught of unrelenting biomechanical terrors with a powerful range of tower defense units – each with their own upgradable features and methods of attacks.
Why similar: Tower Defense 79.3%, Strategy 16.9%, Indie 3.8%
- #48 Operation Sheep Defense
70% matchPositive92% of 24 reviews2017
Dev: spdr870
Windows · Mac · Linux
Operation Sheep Defense is a fast paced tower defense game. Featuring dynamic levels and intelligent enemy behavior. Shape the enemy path or defend maze-like levels. Levels are short and intense.
Why similar: Tower Defense 64.7%, Strategy 21.3%, Top-Down 6.4%, Indie 5.4%, Singleplayer 2.3%
- #49 Hold the Line
67% match3 user reviews100% of 3 reviews2026
Dev: Adrien De Nève
Windows
A strategic tower defense set in World War I. Defend Belgian trenches, manage your soldiers, their supplies and fatigue. Every choice matters. This is not about conquering — it’s about holding the line.
Why similar: Tower Defense 52%, Strategy 24.7%, Tactical 21.8%, Singleplayer 1.4%
- #50 Sentinel 3: Homeworld
69% matchMostly Positive80% of 149 reviews2014
Dev: Origin8Pub: Strategy First
Windows
Median: 4.4 hrsMean: 17.8 hrs≥1hr: 74%
The biggest installment of the award winning Sentinel sci-fi tower defense series now on PC!Take the fight to the alien homeworld and unleash a massive arsenal of weaponry. Get up close and personal on the battlefield in your power armor to execute devastating attacks and support your defenses! * An epic campaign across 20 levels.
Why similar: Tower Defense 78.5%, Strategy 17.9%, Indie 3.6%
- #51 Orcs Again
69% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Hispagames Estudios
Windows · Linux
Defend the kingdom against waves of orcs, build and upgrade towers, gather loot, and create powerful elemental combinations. Conquer increasingly difficult maps, develop your strategy, and prove how long you can hold out in endless mode.
Why similar: Tower Defense 47.3%, Tactical 22.1%, Strategy 22%, Fantasy 5.5%, Indie 1.9%
- #52 Champi
67% matchPositive90% of 28 reviews2025
Dev: Lucas François
Windows
Prepare to defend your village in Champi, a captivating Tower-Defense where your mission is to repel a invasion of mutated mushrooms.
Why similar: Tower Defense 49.7%, Strategy 30.3%, Top-Down 8.9%, Fantasy 5.6%, Singleplayer 2.8%
- #53 Shad'O
69% matchMixed55% of 128 reviews2012
Dev: Okugi StudioPub: Okugi Sudio
Windows
Median: 2.0 hrsMean: 3.6 hrs≥1hr: 68%
In this uniqueTower Defense you will travel through William’s mind in a colored and dreamlike universe.
Why similar: Tower Defense 68.5%, Strategy 24%, Indie 7.5%
- #54 Island Defense
68% matchMixed53% of 123 reviews2015
Dev: Stereo7 Games
Windows
Median: 4.2 hrsMean: 4.9 hrs≥1hr: 99%
Get ready for modern battles! Defend your islands against evil invaders in jungles! Your team will consist of modern snipers, gunners, rockets, ice towers and other great things. A deep conflict has been brewing between you and the evil invaders. Fight to protect your freedom and liberty.
Why similar: Tower Defense 59.3%, Strategy 31.8%, Indie 5.7%, Casual 3.2%
- #55 Cruel TD
68% matchMixed55% of 11 reviews2020
Dev: Studio idiotPub: FutureGame
Windows
Four towers in the middle, thousands of monsters rushing them. Enjoy the pleasure of slaughtering! 1: “All on Luck” Feel your Heartbeat; 2: “Random Stack” Skills; 3: No Daily Quests or Event tasks; 4: No Restrictions. Add Points Your Way. Mind you, one careless move may lose the game!
Why similar: Tower Defense 45.7%, Strategy 28%, Tactical 17.4%, Casual 3.5%, Singleplayer 3%
- #56 Anomaly Defenders
67% matchMostly Positive77% of 687 reviews2014
Dev: 11 bit studios
Windows · Mac · Linux
Median: 3.2 hrsMean: 5.8 hrs≥1hr: 89%
Anomaly Defenders is the closing installment of the Anomaly series. The original incarnation of the Tower Offense sub-genre had players controlling humans fighting alien invaders. Now, the tables have turned. The human counterattack is underway and the alien homeworld is under threat.
Why similar: Tower Defense 67.7%, Strategy 27%, Indie 5.3%
- #57 Bamorota Defense
66% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: dubgames
Windows
Freely place towers to build mazes, combine towers with unique mechanics and powerful spells, and create devastating kill zones. Defend the Seal Stones from relentless monster waves in this casual tower defense game.
Why similar: Tower Defense 44.7%, Strategy 12.3%, Tactical 9%, Magic 8.5%, Top-Down 8.3%