- #1 GlowCore
97% match8 user reviews100% of 8 reviews2026
Dev: CNDY StudiosPub: Nat Games
Windows · Linux
GlowCore is a singleplayer progression game focused on resource gathering and gradual world expansion. In the center of the world lies the GlowCore. The goal is to expand the world by feeding the GlowCore with wood and other resources.
Why similar: Automation 28.2%, Base Building 11.4%, Crafting 9.7%, Stylized 9%, Building 8.1%
- #2 Pistonica
96% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Cutting Corner Games
Windows
Pistonica invites you into a calm, open world where steam and machines meet. In this first-person steam automation game, you build and automate a refined factory, explore an island, research tech, and trade goods - all because of a strange radio signal.
Why similar: Automation 36.7%, Base Building 17.3%, Building 12.7%, Crafting 10.3%, Resource Management 7.5%
- #3 AETHUS
96% matchVery Positive95% of 1,920 reviews2026
Dev: Pawsmonaut Games
Windows
Median: 4.7 hrsMean: 13.0 hrs≥1hr: 72%
Explore a vast underground world to mine and craft hundreds of items while building up your modular Outpost on the surface, to prospect for gems, refine resources and farm hydroponic crops in this top-down sci-fi survival-crafter where the story always provides a reason to dig deeper.
Why similar: Narrative 22.1% ★, Automation 19.2%, Base Building 12%, Building 10.1%, Crafting 9.8%
- #4 Satisfactory
95% matchOverwhelmingly Positive97% of 274,659 reviews2024
Dev: Coffee Stain StudiosPub: Coffee Stain Publishing
Windows
Median: 32.8 hrsMean: 111.2 hrs≥1hr: 94%
Satisfactory is a first-person open-world factory building game with a dash of exploration and combat. Play alone or with friends, explore an alien planet, create multi-story factories, and enter conveyor belt heaven!
Why similar: Automation 34.7%, Base Building 19.9%, Crafting 12.3%, Building 11.7%, Multiplayer 7.3%
- #5 Factory Trashcension
94% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Factory Trashcension
Windows
Factory Trashcension is a first-person open-world factory creation and optimization game with unlimited possibilities. Play with your friends and design efficient factories to TRASHCEND without worries and explore a v a p o r w a v e inspired universe!
Why similar: Automation 31.8%, Base Building 16.1%, Crafting 13.2%, Building 12.8%, Multiplayer 7.7%
- #6 Moose Builders
94% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Lingon Studios
Windows
Dig sand with a shovel and process into iron, silicon and more. Craft and merge better tools and machines to build solar panels and power your factory. Research new machines to automate everything in voxel-based multi-story factories. Play alone or with friends and turn the desert into a solar farm.
Why similar: Automation 33.4%, Base Building 19.7%, Crafting 12.1%, Building 10.4%, Multiplayer 7.7%
- #7 Alchemy Factory
93% matchVery Positive90% of 2,411 reviews2025
Dev: D5 CopperheadPub: Gamirror Games
Windows
Median: 7.9 hrsMean: 23.2 hrs≥1hr: 88%
Craft your workshop as an alchemist! Harness arcane devices to automate crafting. Sell alchemical goods, fulfill commissions, and rise to become a renowned alchemy magnate. Multiplayer Supported! Invite master designers to (ahem) contribute their expertise—let them optimize your production lines!
Why similar: Automation 39.2%, Building 14.5%, Base Building 14%, Crafting 11.8%, Multiplayer 7.3%
- #8 CosmoFab
92% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: StrabSphace
Windows
CosmoFab is a factory-building game focused on mining, production, and automation. Mine resources and build production lines to create a fully automated industrial system. Defend your base against relentless hostile creatures, explore the planet, and complete your mission.
Why similar: Automation 42.6%, Base Building 19.5%, Crafting 13.9%, Building 13.6%, Resource Management 8.9%
- #9 Pacific Life
91% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Rokyte Studio
Windows
Start a new life and see where it leads you! Build your house or work hard to buy one. Become a leader or just live by your own, the choice is yours! Gather, build, craft and improve!
Why similar: Building 17%, Relaxing 14.7%, Base Building 13%, Stylized 10.3%, Multiplayer 8.2%
- #10 Cartefact
91% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Sillage Games
Windows · Mac
Cartefact is an automation card game. Craft, automate and manage resources all through cards Play as a young explorer who lands on a distant alien planet to uncover its mysteries and find a way to solve humanity’s energy crisis.
Why similar: Automation 46.4%, Base Building 18%, Crafting 17.7%, Resource Management 9.6%, Exploration 6.6%
- #11 Star Birds
89% matchVery Positive92% of 2,975 reviews2025
Dev: Toukana Interactive
Windows · Mac
Median: 1.2 hrsMean: 3.7 hrs≥1hr: 56%
Star Birds is a chill factory building and resource management game. Mine asteroids and create brain-twisting production networks. Level by level, you guide your feathered crew to new interstellar horizons!
Why similar: Automation 29.8%, Base Building 16.2%, Building 12.6%, Crafting 10.5%, Stylized 10%
- #12 Builderment
90% matchMixed67% of 124 reviews2023
Dev: Builderment LLC
Windows · Mac
Builderment is a casual factory builder, where you are sent to far away planets to keep Earth going with fresh resources. Establish your base, then mine, build, transport, and ultimately design an automated operation that will save your home one shipment at a time!
Why similar: Automation 36.2%, Base Building 17.9%, Crafting 14.2%, Building 12.6%, Resource Management 8.1%
- #13 Fronimus
89% matchNo user reviews
Dev: StayOnSofa
Windows
Fronimus is an automation-focused game about building factories, featuring nonlinear step by step progression
Why similar: Automation 39.1%, Building 14.4%, Base Building 12.1%, Crafting 8.9%, Exploration 8.9%
- #14 plexum
88% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Studio Jephinca
Windows
A third-person automation game driven by narrative progression. Build elaborate machines that feed an interplanetary network as you move from planet to planet.
Why similar: Automation 40.2%, Base Building 16.9%, Building 16%, Crafting 10.9%, Resource Management 9.3%
- #15 Plantile
87% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Daivy
Windows · Linux
Plantile is a grid-based game about building your plant factory. Start from a single seed, expand your production overtime, and reach full automation by utilizing advanced tiles!
Why similar: Automation 39.8%, Base Building 17.4%, Crafting 12.6%, Building 9.3%, Resource Management 9.1%
- #16 Signalfall
86% matchMixed67% of 18 reviews2026
Dev: Fallen Relay
Windows
Crash-land on a hostile planet and build automated extraction outposts to survive. Defend your operations, manage power networks, and send resources to orbit to unlock new technologies.
Why similar: Automation 26.7%, Base Building 16.3%, Building 15.8%, Crafting 15.3%, Exploration 10.1%
- #17 Proto Garden
86% matchPositive100% of 14 reviews2024
Dev: arreyne
Windows · Linux
Factory automation, but the conveyor belts are bees! Gather pollen, automate honey production, and research new flowers to create your own ecosystem from the ground up.
Why similar: Automation 33.7%, Base Building 17.1%, Building 12.8%, Crafting 12.6%, Relaxing 8.3%
- #18 Amicraft Factory™
85% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Gamepoc
Windows
Tiny creatures. Massive factories. Zero stress. Amicraft Factory™ is a cozy co-op automation adventure where your adorable Ami friends help you build the most beautiful production empire in the world. Build solo. Or with friends.
Why similar: Automation 40.6%, Base Building 19.1%, Crafting 14%, Resource Management 8.8%, Online Co-Op 7.1%
- #19 Tiny Planet Protectors
84% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Tiny Shiny Things
Windows · Mac · Linux
Welcome to the TPPA! Your assignment: Protect, Clean, and Discover. Collect resources and encounter the inhabitants of nearby galaxies as you also fill your home planet with alien plants, futuristic tools, and uncover the greatest threat to the universe.
Why similar: Automation 28.3%, Building 15.6%, Base Building 15.5%, Crafting 14.3%, Exploration 10.6%
- #20 Factorio
84% matchOverwhelmingly Positive98% of 231,662 reviews2020
Dev: Wube Software LTD.
Windows · Mac · Linux
Median: 45.0 hrsMean: 191.7 hrs≥1hr: 95%
Factorio is a game about building and creating automated factories to produce items of increasing complexity, within an infinite 2D world. Use your imagination to design your factory, combine simple elements into ingenious structures, and finally protect it from the creatures who don't really like you.
Why similar: Automation 44.9%, Base Building 21.5%, Crafting 11.2%, Resource Management 9.1%, Building 7.2%
- #21 The Last Factory
83% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Jitkem TienngamPub: Hello World Labs
Windows · Mac
Build, automate, and defend humanity's last factory on a dying industrial planet. Chain production lines, survive AUTON raids and dust storms, research lost technology, and uncover what silenced every factory before yours.
Why similar: Automation 38.9%, Base Building 16.8%, Crafting 15%, Building 14.3%, Resource Management 5.2%
- #22 Techtonica
82% matchMixed65% of 3,219 reviews2024
Dev: Fire Hose Games
Windows
Median: 4.7 hrsMean: 17.3 hrs≥1hr: 75%
Techtonica is a first-person factory automation game with a gripping mystery about mining your way out from the depths of an alien planet. Explore bioluminescent caves, mold destructible terrain, construct a massive subterranean factory. Dig your way toward answers & discover the secrets of Calyx.
Why similar: Automation 33.3%, Base Building 15.4%, Building 13.9%, Crafting 10.2%, Exploration 8.7%
- #23 Constructed
82% match9 user reviews78% of 9 reviews2024
Dev: Gaming Project
Windows
Constructed is a factory building game, with a single goal... to automate EVERYTHING!!!
Why similar: Automation 33.3%, Base Building 17.1%, Building 14.4%, Crafting 14.1%, Exploration 8.2%
- #24 Just Dismantle
81% matchNo user reviews
Dev: LoveOw
Windows
This is an RPG game where you will follow our protagonist to fight and save lives!
Why similar: Building 23.6%, Story Rich 19.7%, Base Building 16.6%, Stylized 15.9%, Exploration 10.7%
- #25 Modulus: Factory Automation
79% matchVery Positive92% of 797 reviews2026
Dev: Happy VolcanoPub: Kwalee
Windows
Median: 4.2 hrsMean: 15.0 hrs≥1hr: 77%
Build, automate, & optimize production lines across sky islands with real spatial constraints. Every production line is an open-ended puzzle: which operators to use, how to route your belts and how to fit your factory into the landscape. Your solutions, like your factories, are uniquely your own.
Why similar: Automation 32.8%, Base Building 15.2%, Building 14.8%, Relaxing 10.6%, Crafting 10.1%
- #26 Frog Bard
79% matchPositive96% of 26 reviews2025
Dev: Moon Candy
Windows
Frog Bard is a short, poetic experience about finding inspiration in the world around you. Explore a simple forest and perform reflective ballads as you travel from inn to inn.
Why similar: Narrative 34.4% ★, Emotional 16%, Relaxing 16%, Stylized 8.8%, Exploration 7.7%
- #27 Infindustry
81% matchMixed57% of 42 reviews2022
Dev: plyoung
Windows · Linux
A relaxing industry/factory builder where you build, manage, automate, optimize, and expand an industrial village by exploiting various resources to create items.
Why similar: Automation 31.9%, Base Building 16%, Building 12.3%, Relaxing 9.7%, Crafting 9.4%
- #28 Rafting Factory
78% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Kim Star Game
Windows
Gather resources, research technologies, expand platforms, and build conveyor belt networks to survive and thrive in a perilous maritime world. Utilize automated production lines to free up manual labor, keep the factory running continuously, and ultimately build a starship to travel to Mars.
Why similar: Automation 45.9%, Base Building 21.3%, Building 11.2%, Resource Management 9.1%, Exploration 4.6%
- #29 Civilio
78% match2 user reviews100% of 2 reviews2024
Dev: Aranyhal Studio
Windows
The Civiliuses dropped into unknown, but familiar planet have to rebuild infrastructure from the ground up. Build, fight, craft and explore your area, in a race against your foes or other Civiliuses to become powerfull. Do you have what it takes?
Why similar: Automation 32%, Base Building 19.6%, Crafting 15.2%, Multiplayer 10.4%, Stylized 6.9%
- #30 Automation Station
77% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Boxbot Games
Windows
Explore a mysterious planet, harvest and refine resources, discover new technology, craft machines, and set up automated factories.
Why similar: Automation 36.2%, Base Building 16.3%, Building 15.7%, Crafting 13.2%, Resource Management 7.6%
- #31 Ocean World: Eden Crafters Prologue
77% matchVery Positive91% of 7,488 reviews2024
Dev: Osaris Games
Windows
Median: 1.3 hrsMean: 3.0 hrs≥1hr: 55%
Survive, craft, and automate in this free prologue set on one of the planets you can transform in Eden Crafters, an open-world game where you play solo or with friends to turn a hostile planet into a habitable haven for humanity.
Why similar: Automation 26.5%, Base Building 16%, Crafting 11.7%, Building 10.3%, Multiplayer 8.9%
- #32 LithoBreak
80% match7 user reviews71% of 7 reviews2021
Dev: Tau Ceti Labs
Windows
LithoBreak is an Early Access industrial survival game rebuilding toward one moon-site loop: boot up the console, build the first site, and help shape a science-driven survival sim.Play with Science
Why similar: Automation 28.6%, Base Building 15.4%, Building 12.3%, Crafting 12.1%, Exploration 8%
- #33 Nightwater
76% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Studio Ashty
Windows · Linux
Forage, craft and automate to grow your factory, unlock new technologies and expand your island to discover new biomes. Progress through the ages from sticks and stones to the Bronze Age, the Industrial Era and into the future to uncover the secret of the Lighthouse and escape this reality.
Why similar: Automation 31.4%, Base Building 11.7%, Crafting 11.6%, Building 11%, Relaxing 9.6%
- #34 Astro Colony
74% matchVery Positive81% of 2,654 reviews2026
Dev: Terad Games
Windows
Median: 4.5 hrsMean: 16.3 hrs≥1hr: 78%
Explore endless Universe and create the most efficient constellation of colonies. Build conveyor systems to automate production. Take care of Astronauts and their needs! Establish new colonies as part of intergalactic simulation.
Why similar: Automation 32.6%, Base Building 19.8%, Building 11.6%, Crafting 9.3%, Resource Management 7.7%
- #35 Meow Factories.Inc
76% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Fire Toast
Windows
Automate. Assemble. Deliver cats. Build an adorable factory, create cats piece by piece, and optimize your production to meet an ever-growing demand. Unlock machines, paint your cats, and make your feline assembly line run like clockwork!
Why similar: Automation 44.5%, Base Building 17.9%, Crafting 17.2%, Building 7.4%, Adventure 4.8%
- #36 PoliPlanet
75% matchNo user reviews
Dev: -
Windows
Set on small procedurally generated planets, PoliPlanet is a unique first-person city building game. Discover new planets, gather resources, craft, explore, and build.
Why similar: Automation 34.2%, Base Building 17.3%, Crafting 13.5%, Building 13.3%, Exploration 8.5%
- #37 Block Factory
73% matchMostly Positive78% of 263 reviews2025
Dev: OverPowered TeamPub: Shiro Unlimited
Windows
Block Factory is a relaxing and creative building game where you craft delightful 3D figurines from blocks. Shape your designs and build flowing production lines in a peaceful factory world.
Why similar: Automation 32.2%, Base Building 14.9%, Building 14.4%, Crafting 12.5%, Relaxing 12%
- #38 Final Factory
74% matchMostly Positive79% of 305 reviews2024
Dev: Never Games Limited
Windows · Mac
Median: 2.0 hrsMean: 7.9 hrs≥1hr: 63%
Final Factory blends factory building, spaceship design, and a rich universe to explore. Build a mega factory and command a massive fleet against the hostile local aliens. Discover new technologies and unlock the secrets of an ancient civilization as you explore an infinite cosmos.
Why similar: Automation 34.1%, Base Building 16.6%, Crafting 13.1%, Building 12.1%, Exploration 7.9%
- #39 Beltex
75% matchVery Positive86% of 231 reviews2022
Dev: Notional Games
Windows
Beltex is a casual factory game played on a hex map. Extract numbers. Combine them using mathematical operations. Deliver them using belts across a huge map. Unlock new buildings and upgrades.
Why similar: Automation 34.7%, Base Building 17.3%, Building 12.5%, Crafting 11.1%, Resource Management 8.2%
- #40 Fractal Foundry
73% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Tiny Root Studio
Windows
Automate fractal megastructures from simple cubes. Design nested factories that scale into recursive systems. Use conditions and loops to solve progressively challenging goals. No pressure, no costs, just pure creativity and automation.
Why similar: Automation 33.4%, Building 14.1%, Base Building 13.1%, Crafting 11.6%, Relaxing 7.3%
- #41 Fabricatio
71% match3 user reviews100% of 3 reviews2026
Dev: Kysix Software
Windows
Build efficient production lines, automate resource transport, and master complex logistics in a 2D factory-building experience focused purely on automation.
Why similar: Automation 38.4%, Base Building 22.6%, Building 12%, Crafting 8.6%, Resource Management 8.2%
- #42 A Factory Roguelike
71% matchPositive83% of 23 reviews2026
Dev: Pedro AnjosPub: Pixel Purrfect
Windows
Every run, a different factory. Pick modules, optimize your production lines and adapt as orders pour in, faster and larger every time. You can expand your space, but not forever: every tile counts.
Why similar: Automation 41.8%, Base Building 15%, Crafting 14.7%, Building 12%, Resource Management 7.8%
- #43 The Forgotten Ones
72% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Blazing Soft
Windows
A story-driven adventure about a family uprooted by violence and slowly drifting away from their heritage. Walk through memories and fading traditions to discover a tender journey about identity, resilience, and the quiet beauty of the things we forget, yet still define us.
Why similar: Narrative 48.4% ★, Emotional 22%, Story Rich 8.7%, Stylized 7.8%, Adventure 6%
- #44 Hazy Hollow
71% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Crimson Eye Games
Windows
Dig and explore the depth of the earth. Mine and harvest miscellaneous resources. Craft better tools and weapons and expand your base ! Fight against local mobs. Unlock electricity to lighten the darker depths. Automate harvesting to reign on the underground world !
Why similar: Automation 33.1%, Base Building 17.9%, Building 13.4%, Crafting 10.9%, Exploration 10.8%
- #45 Belts of Iron
69% matchPositive93% of 41 reviews2026
Dev: Builderment LLC
Windows
Explore, automate, and fight in this new open world factory automation game. Build factories connected by miles of conveyor belts. Manage power and fluid networks. Explore procedurally generated worlds filled with resources to harvest and hostile creatures to defeat. Play solo or online with friends
Why similar: Automation 34.4%, Base Building 17.6%, Crafting 14%, Exploration 9.7%, Building 8.2%
- #46 Alien Planet Survival
73% match6 user reviews100% of 6 reviews2023
Dev: Yamate
Windows
You drift in space, land on a random planet, collect materials, survive, develop civilization technology, conquer more planets, idle automation factory game
Why similar: Automation 40.4%, Base Building 19.9%, Crafting 15.4%, Building 13.8%, Resource Management 8.8%
- #47 Potion Pipeline
70% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Milkbag Games
Windows
Build huge factories to harvest magical resources and produce potions. Design complex production lines from simple parts to transform ingredients using a deep alchemy system. Ramp up production to fulfill Guild orders, unlock new machines, and create more powerful potions!
Why similar: Automation 39.6%, Building 19.4%, Base Building 18.9%, Crafting 9.7%, Resource Management 6.7%
- #48 BOREWORKS
70% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Hello Egg
Windows
A chill, top down automation game about mining asteroids down to the core. Build bots. Figure out logistics. Automate yourself out of a job.
Why similar: Automation 35.8%, Base Building 17.9%, Crafting 13.4%, Building 12.9%, Resource Management 8.6%
- #49 Eden Crafters
67% matchVery Positive86% of 2,537 reviews2026
Dev: Osaris Games
Windows
Median: 4.9 hrsMean: 13.6 hrs≥1hr: 79%
Eden Crafters is a solo or co-op open-world survival, crafting, and factory-building game where you transform a hostile planet into a habitable haven for humanity. Build, automate, and terraform. Control the climate, create a breathable atmosphere, and turn toxic lakes into water: shape a new world!
Why similar: Automation 32.5%, Base Building 16.2%, Crafting 13.1%, Building 11.8%, Exploration 6.4%
- #50 Factor Y
70% matchMostly Positive75% of 24 reviews2024
Dev: Martin Buck Software
Windows · Linux
Factor Y is a relaxing, large-scale, multi-planetary, mega factory automation game. Mine resources, craft new items and structures via recipes and generate your own, custom building blocks. Expand your factory to span across multiple planets.
Why similar: Automation 33.1%, Base Building 16.7%, Building 11.8%, Crafting 11.6%, Relaxing 11.4%
- #51 The Maker Way
68% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Brave Games Inc.
Windows
Build creative machines, rovers, drones or robots. Use them to gather resources, discover new machine parts, source energy, construct bases and battle enemy factions in a physics-based open world.
Why similar: Automation 30.5%, Base Building 19%, Crafting 16.9%, Building 14.9%, Exploration 9%
- #52 Voxel Eras
66% matchVery Positive96% of 50 reviews2025
Dev: Destiny Hailstorm
Windows · Linux
Voxel Eras is a game about collecting, crafting, and automating within an infinite 3D voxel world. Taking your humble workshop made with your own two fists through eras of technology. Design, build, and evolve your operations, all in the name of progress.
Why similar: Automation 32.1%, Building 14.6%, Base Building 14%, Crafting 13.2%, Relaxing 11.2%
- #53 Project Homecoming Haven
65% matchVery Positive88% of 157 reviews2026
Dev: Toge Productions
Windows
Embark on a heartwarming journey as a home cleaning specialist.
Why similar: Narrative 44.6% ★, Emotional 19.9%, Relaxing 15.5%, Exploration 7.5%, Stylized 5.2%
- #54 Chocolate Factory: Prologue
67% matchMostly Positive72% of 203 reviews2024
Dev: Tbjbu2
Windows
Build your dream Chocolate Factory among candy cane forests and gumdrop hills to produce the tastiest sweets. A delicious first-person factory automation game with a little exploration and combat. Confectionary conveyor belt heaven awaits! The free prologue for the full game!
Why similar: Automation 34.4%, Base Building 17.6%, Crafting 14.3%, Building 13.3%, Resource Management 8.3%
- #55 Junk Rise
66% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Bario
Windows
Build your recycling empire from junk! Collect, process, and craft valuable products in a chill, satisfying simulator where garbage becomes gold ♻️ .
Why similar: Automation 23.3%, Base Building 22.1%, Relaxing 18.3%, Building 10.7%, Stylized 8.2%
- #56 shapez
68% matchOverwhelmingly Positive96% of 15,623 reviews2020
Dev: Tobias SpringerPub: tobspr Games
Windows · Mac · Linux
Median: 2.7 hrsMean: 14.7 hrs≥1hr: 66%
shapez is an easy-going, minimalistic factory building game about the automation of shapes through extraction and satisfying production lines. Adapt to increasingly complex shapes and grow your factory across an infinitely expanding map. Your only limitation is your creativity!
Why similar: Automation 43.1%, Base Building 19.4%, Crafting 14.3%, Building 11.1%, Resource Management 9.3%
- #57 FOUNDRY
66% matchVery Positive81% of 3,864 reviews2024
Dev: Channel 3 EntertainmentPub: Paradox Interactive
Windows
Median: 7.7 hrsMean: 47.7 hrs≥1hr: 87%
Build a sophisticated robot factory optimized to perfection in an infinite voxel world. Mine and harvest resources, automate your production lines and manage complex systems while researching your way to become the galaxy’s leading robotics megacorp.
Why similar: Automation 28.2%, Base Building 14.9%, Building 12.8%, Crafting 12.1%, Exploration 8.3%
- #58 Car Factory
68% match9 user reviews22% of 9 reviews2023
Dev: 5 Games
Windows
Assemble vehicles on a realistic production line, from the chassis to the final assembly. Optimize your production process to work more efficiently and unlock new models.
Why similar: Automation 40.7%, Building 21.5%, Base Building 20.6%, Crafting 11.7%, Indie 2.7%