- #1 Orion Defense
97% matchNo user reviews2024
Dev: 龚一宸
Windows
Orion Defense is a space-themed shooting game with a tower defense element. You will build turrets or manually control turrets to repel incoming enemy attacks in a space fortress. You will also pilot fighters to stop enemy fleeing and capture enemy commanders in the asteroid belt.
Why similar: Space Sim 47.8% ★, Tower Defense 26.4%, Casual 12.5%, 3D 5.1%, Strategy 4.5%
- #2 Unit 097
96% matchNo user reviews2026
Dev: Sip
Windows · Linux
Explore the galaxy through the eyes of an android pilot. Enjoy a mix of relaxing planetary scanning and arcade-style combat as you upgrade your fleet. A slow-paced space sim for those who love the hum of an engine and the glow of distant suns.
Why similar: Space Sim 67.5% ★, Casual 17.1%, 3D 9.4%, Singleplayer 3.3%, Indie 2.8%
- #3 Rocket Hit
96% match9 user reviews80% of 9 reviews2025
Dev: Ananos Games Studio
Windows
Explore every star system, orbit numerous stars, maneuver to various planets, and survive asteroids the longest aboard countless miniaturized rockets in Rocket Hit.
Why similar: Space Sim 65% ★, Survival 15.1%, Casual 7.9%, 3D 6.6%, Singleplayer 3.1%
- #4 AstralOutlaw
94% match4 user reviews75% of 4 reviews2026
Dev: memi1252Pub: Self
Windows
Astral Outlaw is a 3D sci-fi survival game made by Korean high schoolers. Explore an abandoned station, scavenge for scrap, and craft tools to repair your broken ship. Master repair mini-games and manage resources to escape the void.
Why similar: Space Sim 58.3% ★, Adventure 13.8%, Survival 12.7%, 3D 10.1%, Singleplayer 2.8%
- #5 OESE
94% matchVery Positive84% of 85 reviews2016
Dev: Alec SmithPub: Milo Games
Windows
Median: 3.7 hrsMean: 5.3 hrs≥1hr: 86%
OESE - The space survival game about decisions and consequences.
Why similar: Space Sim 49.9% ★, Survival 21.5%, Casual 17%, Indie 11.5%
- #6 RUSH: A Disney • PIXAR Adventure
92% matchMostly Positive72% of 355 reviews2018
Dev: Asobo StudioPub: Xbox Game Studios
Windows
Median: 2.1 hrsMean: 6.6 hrs≥1hr: 63%
Rush: A Disney•Pixar Adventure invites families and fans of all ages to experience the worlds of six beloved Disney•Pixar films like never before. Team up with characters from The Incredibles, Ratatouille, Up, Cars, Toy Story, and Finding Dory to solve puzzles and uncover hidden secrets.
Why similar: Family Friendly 43.6%, Adventure 31.9%, Casual 24.5%
- #7 Freddi Fish and Luther's Water Worries
93% matchMixed58% of 66 reviews2014
Dev: Humongous Entertainment
Windows · Mac · Linux
Dive in to help Freddi Fish and Luther keep the ocean from draining and save the sea creatures!
Why similar: Family Friendly 43.6%, Adventure 32.5%, Casual 23.9%
- #8 History of Space
91% match4 user reviews25% of 4 reviews2023
Dev: 5 Games
Windows
History of Space is an immersive and educational game that allows players to explore a virtual space history museum, delving into the captivating history of space exploration.
Why similar: Space Sim 53.7% ★, Adventure 21.2%, Casual 8.7%, 3D 7.4%, Realistic 7.2%
- #9 GamerZ CastlE Rush!
91% matchPositive80% of 10 reviews2020
Dev: W2DKPub: DK Studio
Windows
Simple Tower Defense game in pixel graphics
Why similar: Tower Defense 31.7%, Wargame 25.1%, Adventure 20.4%, Casual 16.6%, Singleplayer 3.5%
- #10 Ship Regulus
90% matchMixed58% of 12 reviews2024
Dev: cuidong
Windows
In the first year of the ephemeris, the warp engine was invented. Due to the initial engine being too large, it was installed on the space city Regulus. During engine testing, the jump signal attracted an alien fleet, and the Ship Regulus embarked on a flight path.
Why similar: Space Sim 38% ★, Tower Defense 20.1%, Wargame 16.1%, Adventure 10.1%, Military 7.3%
- #11 I Know
89% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Pablo Roldao Gafanha
Windows
"1 Second" is a fast-reflex game where each command demands an instant decision. React in 1 second or face Game Over. Simple, insane, and addictive.
Why similar: Tower Defense 29.8%, Wargame 25.8%, Adventure 16.7%, Casual 10.2%, 3D 7.8%
- #12 Mootation
88% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Blau Studios
Windows
Why do Cows keep being abducted? For profit! As the galaxy’s new Space Farmer, you will abduct Convenient Organic Wildlife, or C.O.Ws, for short. Mootation blends minigames, humor, and incremental systems where you need to optimize production to become the best Space Farmer in the galaxy!
Why similar: Space Sim 48.5% ★, Creature Collector 27.1%, Casual 9.7%, Singleplayer 6%, Indie 5.6%
- #13 KOV
87% match4 user reviews75% of 4 reviews2023
Dev: FriyingPan
Windows
¿Podrás encontrar la manera de alimentar a los planetas vivientes y evitar su destrucción inminente? Enfréntate a los furtivos, sortea la vigilancia de la policía y desata el potencial de tu nave mientras te sumerges en una narrativa épica y te llevará más allá de las fronteras de lo conocido.
Why similar: Space Sim 63.2% ★, Adventure 22.6%, 3D 8.8%, Singleplayer 2.9%, Indie 2.6%
- #14 Professor Madhouse
89% matchMixed44% of 16 reviews2018
Dev: Red Dev Studio S.A.Pub: SIG Publishing
Windows · Mac
Professor Madhouse is an adventurous game of logic for young children.
Why similar: Family Friendly 31.4%, Adventure 26.5%, Casual 23.2%, Indie 12.2%, Singleplayer 6.7%
- #15 Reach the Moon!
86% matchPositive100% of 25 reviews2023
Dev: Gamesforgames
Windows
Don't repeat this at home!
Why similar: Space Sim 33.7% ★, Adventure 20.6%, Family Friendly 17%, Casual 13.8%, Strategy 7.3%
- #16 Spacelane Express
84% matchNo user reviews50% of 2 reviews2025
Dev: ChooonPub: Self
Windows
A cozy space-trucking game about hauling cargo, docking at industrial stations, and cruising between planets at your own pace. Take on delivery contracts, manage your ship, and enjoy the quiet life of an interstellar transport pilot.
Why similar: Space Sim 64.5% ★, Adventure 22.8%, 3D 10%, Singleplayer 2.7%
- #17 SCALEPLANET
86% matchMixed63% of 27 reviews2022
Dev: Scale Studio
Windows
Somewhere in the third dimension there lives an alien Joe. He can't sit still. He constantly travels and explores the world and galaxies. This time he came across a new planet.
Why similar: Space Sim 56.3% ★, Adventure 21.3%, Casual 16.7%, Singleplayer 2.9%, Indie 2.7%
- #18 Reef Defense
82% match5 user reviews80% of 5 reviews2025
Dev: Swift Creek Games
Windows
Reef Defense is a fast-paced, intense strategy game where relentless waves of crustaceans are coming for your precious eggs! Arm your reef with strategically positioned defenses and hold the line. Can you outlast the swarm, or will your eggs become crab food?
Why similar: Tower Defense 26.3%, Creature Collector 25.5%, Family Friendly 14.7%, Adventure 10.7%, Realistic 8%
- #19 Evolit
80% matchVery Positive93% of 71 reviews2026
Dev: Steel Heart GamesPub: Teneke Kafalar Spotlight
Windows
Take charge of the galaxy's defense! With strategic moves, stop waves of cute yet dangerous enemies and prevent them from reaching the end of the road. Enhance your tactics with a variety of cards and unique towers, and stand against Evo! Strategy and infinity await here.
Why similar: Tower Defense 35.9%, Family Friendly 21.2%, Survival 14.7%, Casual 9%, Singleplayer 6.2%
- #20 Celestial
85% matchPositive80% of 20 reviews2020
Dev: Caboose
Windows
Celestial is an Open world Space survival game playing on a Spherical world of roughly 700km2. Survive in a hostile environment with a variety of roaming creatures. explore ancient ruins of an alien civilization, learn their technologies and use them to find a way back home.
Why similar: Adventure 36.7%, Casual 26%, Space Sim 23.6% ★, Indie 13.7%
- #21 Boötes
82% match2 user reviews50% of 2 reviews2024
Dev: HEAD GMZ
Windows
Boötes is a Space Sim where you get to jump on astroids. Collect Crystals, Unlock New Abilities, Find Secrets to Unlock New Suits, and Much More. You are all alone in The Boötes Void where you find mysterious crystals that can help fuel your space shuttle so you can visit the Cold Dark.
Why similar: Space Sim 67.4% ★, Adventure 18.5%, 3D 5.6%, Realistic 5.2%, Singleplayer 3.3%
- #22 Go Rocket
84% match2 user reviews50% of 2 reviews2021
Dev: QuickBobber
Windows
An arcade game about a rocket flying in endless space.
Why similar: Space Sim 53.6% ★, Adventure 22.2%, Casual 18%, Singleplayer 3.3%, Indie 3%
- #23 Fish Simulator: Agonik Lake
79% matchPositive93% of 44 reviews2023
Dev: Les Jeux NemesisPub: Telefix Productions
Windows
In this simulation game, play the role of a proud northern pike (Esox lucius) living in a North American lake. Your goal: Surviving and becoming the King of Agonik Lake! To achieve this feat, feed yourself; get stronger, taller, faster; and avoid various hazards along the way.
Why similar: Survival 25.6%, Adventure 25.3%, Family Friendly 20.2%, Casual 14.1%, Singleplayer 6.5%
- #24 Cookie Space
83% matchNo user reviews2021
Dev: DIG Games
Windows
This is an arcade adventure shooter set in a "?closed?" space. Your task in the role of a tiny spaceship is to shoot asteroids (very similar to cookies) to clear the space around.
Why similar: Space Sim 52.2% ★, Adventure 22.8%, Casual 18.2%, Singleplayer 3.7%, Indie 3.1%
- #25 Foreign Galaxies
79% matchMostly Positive77% of 13 reviews2022
Dev: Vengeful Muffin
Windows
After a galactic portal failure you find yourself lost millions of light years away from home, in a foreign galaxy... With your main propulsion systems disabled you are unable to traverse space, so you try to collect resources you find near you in order to create a galactic portal to return back.
Why similar: Space Sim 52.9% ★, Adventure 22.1%, Casual 13.4%, 3D 7.6%, Indie 2.4%
- #26 Divine prophecy
78% match1 user reviews100% of 1 reviews2023
Dev: prophecy
Windows
A simple and refreshing flying shooting game
Why similar: Space Sim 63.3% ★, Adventure 25.1%, Casual 5.6%, Singleplayer 3.5%, Strategy 2.4%
- #27 Star Fleet Deluxe
75% match5 user reviews100% of 5 reviews2026
Dev: Trevor SorensenPub: Interstel Technologies, Inc.
Windows
Command a UGA heavy cruiser against the Krellan Empire. Navigate space, manage resources, and coordinate defense strategies. Use starbases and outposts to protect colonies while engaging in tactical ship combat. Your decisions will determine the fate of sectors in this military space simulation.
Why similar: Space Sim 62% ★, Wargame 25.1%, Singleplayer 6.6%, Strategy 6.3%
- #28 Meadow Fun!!
81% matchPositive92% of 13 reviews2019
Dev: Antonio Latronico
Windows
Meadow Fun!! is a game mainly for kids (from 3 to 10), where players have to gather, with their magic nets, stray animals, along 20 colorful and relaxing levels. All set in a dreamy environment, with a soft and charming original sound track. Gamepad, keyboard and mouse supported. Steam controller supported in game. Only for Windows
Why similar: Adventure 34.9%, Casual 26.1%, Family Friendly 25.3%, Indie 13.7%
- #29 war ark
78% matchNo user reviews
Dev: blue rose
Windows
A turn based strategy version of space war game
Why similar: Space Sim 45.2% ★, Tower Defense 23.9%, Wargame 17.7%, Casual 8.4%, Strategy 3.7%
- #30 Karta Centauri
75% match5 user reviews40% of 5 reviews2025
Dev: Total
Windows
An accidental space adventure
Why similar: Space Sim 57.3% ★, Adventure 21.1%, Casual 16.3%, Singleplayer 2.7%, Indie 2.6%
- #31 Lunaris
74% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Project Lunaris
Windows
Embark on humanity’s greatest journey to the Moon with Lunaris. Take on the role of an astronaut navigating NASA’s Apollo missions, from the roaring launch of Saturn V to stepping on the lunar surface. Experience the triumphs, challenges, and legacy of space exploration in this immersive simulator.
Why similar: Space Sim 56.9% ★, Adventure 14.3%, Casual 9.2%, 3D 8%, Realistic 7.8%
- #32 Sorgina: A Tale of Witches
77% match9 user reviews67% of 9 reviews2017
Dev: Binary Soul
Windows
Median: 3.6 hrsMean: 4.2 hrs≥1hr: 98%
A dark evil from the past broke free during the last council of witches. Help a young apprentice in her quest to lift a terrible curse off her sisters and dispel the shadows. Use your powers and wit to overcome every challenge in this family friendly 3D puzzle-platformer based on Basque mythology.
Why similar: Family Friendly 43.2%, Adventure 40%, Indie 16.8%
- #33 BRG's Red Riding Hood
77% match1 user reviews100% of 1 reviews2019
Dev: Brave Rock Games
Windows
Meet Maisie, a child who is loved by all. Maisie decides to visit her sick grandmother. She dons her favorite red coat and becomes Red Riding Hood. Journey with her to experience dazzling visuals and an immersive audio experience. Make a life-changing decision that will affect the story.
Why similar: Adventure 34.9%, Family Friendly 34.5%, Casual 24.5%, Indie 6.1%
- #34 BRG's Alice in Wonderland Visual Novel
76% match2 user reviews100% of 2 reviews2019
Dev: Brave Rock Games
Windows
Experience a fully voice acted, visualization of Lewis Carroll unaltered Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (originally released in 1865). Discover unique and original characters in the amazing world of Wonderland. Wonderful thrills for your heart and mind await in this timeless tale.
Why similar: Adventure 32.7%, Family Friendly 32.3%, Casual 22.9%, Indie 12.1%
- #35 BRG's The Stonecutter
76% match3 user reviews33% of 3 reviews2019
Dev: Brave Rock Games
Windows
A poor stonecutter notices the lifestyles of those higher in the social hierarchy and wishes to become them. A spirit hears his plea and grants his wish. Decide The Stonecutter's fate by choosing what he should wish for!
Why similar: Adventure 35.3%, Family Friendly 33.2%, Casual 24.7%, Indie 6.8%
- #36 Bring You Home
67% matchVery Positive97% of 157 reviews2025
Dev: Alike Studio
Windows · Mac
You don't control the hero, but the level ITSELF! In this puzzle adventure, change and rearrange pieces of every level to find the right path. All to guide Polo through crazy worlds and rescue his kidnapped alien pet...
Why similar: Adventure 43%, Casual 30.2%, Indie 15.7%, Family Friendly 11.1%
- #37 Planet Miner
73% matchVery Positive80% of 61 reviews2021
Dev: Cherniukh Andrii
Windows
Remove fog, look for and mine minerals, construct buildings, upgrade the rover and reach the portal.
Why similar: Space Sim 56.4% ★, Adventure 20.7%, Family Friendly 11.9%, 3D 7.1%, Indie 2.2%
- #38 Lunar Camp Glenn
72% match2 user reviews100% of 2 reviews2022
Dev: Christopher ShovePub: SIMWERX LLC
Windows
Lunar Camp Glenn is a STEM education simulation based on NASA plans and technology for ARTEMIS mission lunar base. It is the only first-person player game to explore the moon for resources to survive and meet with different characters to cooperate or not.
Why similar: Space Sim 57.6% ★, Adventure 13%, Realistic 9.3%, 3D 9.2%, Casual 4.7%
- #39 Morels: The Hunt 2
67% matchVery Positive93% of 98 reviews2024
Dev: Abrams Studios
Windows
Morels 2 is a simulation game about mushroom hunting and wildlife photography. Explore a diverse range of locations spanning across the globe. Increase your hunter and photographer levels by collecting a variety of mushrooms, photographing animals, and completing weekly tasks.
Why similar: Creature Collector 29.9%, Family Friendly 24.7%, Adventure 14.2%, Casual 8.7%, 3D 7%
- #40 Goblin Defenders: Steel‘n’ Wood
74% matchMixed69% of 148 reviews2015
Dev: Alawar Casual
Windows
Median: 3.5 hrsMean: 5.0 hrs≥1hr: 91%
Battle hordes of monsters in Goblin Defenders: Steel 'n' Wood!
Why similar: Tower Defense 42%, Adventure 25.2%, Casual 18.5%, Strategy 9%, Singleplayer 3.2%
- #41 SPACE ACCIDENT
70% matchMostly Positive77% of 293 reviews2022
Dev: Whale Rock Games
Windows
Your hero is Andy Freeman, a technical engineer of the Zeus-M700 spacecraft, sent on an expedition to the satellite of Jupiter to colonize it. However, what is conceived does not always go according to plan…
Why similar: Space Sim 53.4% ★, Adventure 25.8%, 3D 9.1%, Casual 5%, Singleplayer 3.8%
- #42 Greed Defense Gold Vaults
68% match2 user reviews100% of 2 reviews2024
Dev: DreamLionStudio
Windows · Linux
A unique tower defense and RPG game, find new towers, build gold vaults, and defend against monsters. It will be hard to fight against the king monster, you may need to try different tactics.
Why similar: Tower Defense 49.3%, Survival 23.5%, Singleplayer 8.6%, Casual 7.7%, Strategy 5.6%
- #43 Simple Tower Defense
69% match1 user reviews100% of 1 reviews2023
Dev: Unmasked Beans Games Studio
Windows
A suuuper simple tower defense game with a suuuper simple perk tree.
Why similar: Tower Defense 25.9%, Casual 23.1%, Adventure 18%, 3D 14%, Strategy 9.6%
- #44 Freddi Fish 5 featuring Mess Hall Mania®: The Case of the Creature of Coral Cove
72% matchVery Positive92% of 177 reviews2014
Dev: Humongous Entertainment
Windows · Mac · Linux
Median: 1.3 hrsMean: 3.9 hrs≥1hr: 57%
There's more to this case than meets the eye!
Why similar: Family Friendly 39%, Adventure 38.1%, Casual 22.9%
- #45 ThrustWorks
71% match1 user reviews0% of 1 reviews2020
Dev: Wacky WallabyPub: Dystopian Edge Publishing
Windows · Mac · Linux
ThrustWorks is jetpack flying combat game with familiar flying gameplay. Soar through the sky, fight enemy turrets, collect coins, and experience vivid views in 4 unique levels. PC and VR support both included.
Why similar: Space Sim 45.4% ★, Wargame 19.6%, Adventure 11.5%, Casual 7.9%, 3D 7%
- #46 Pandora Galaxy
70% matchMostly Positive75% of 16 reviews2020
Dev: SimplexCode
Windows · Mac · Linux
Pandora Galaxy is a PC game. The game is based in space, in the far future, with elements of exploration and trade. The protagonist of the game is a merchant engaged in interplanetary trade, but as the story unfolds, the player can choose the path of an interstellar pirate or a planetary explorer.
Why similar: Space Sim 65.3% ★, Adventure 14.4%, 3D 9.4%, Strategy 7.8%, Singleplayer 3.2%
- #47 Spy Fox In: Cheese Chase
73% matchMixed62% of 77 reviews2014
Dev: Humongous Entertainment
Windows · Mac · Linux
Median: 12 minMean: 9.8 hrs≥1hr: 27%
Grab you helmet and help SPY Fox catch Russian Blue and return the prized Limburger Cheese!
Why similar: Family Friendly 38.1%, Adventure 36.2%, Casual 25.8%
- #48 Putt-Putt® Enters the Race
71% matchVery Positive96% of 204 reviews2014
Dev: Humongous Entertainment
Windows · Mac · Linux
Median: 1.1 hrsMean: 10.8 hrs≥1hr: 58%
Putt-Putt® and Pep are ready to take your kids on the ride of their lives!
Why similar: Adventure 38.1%, Family Friendly 37.6%, Casual 24.3%
- #49 Spy Fox In: Hold the Mustard
73% matchMostly Negative39% of 51 reviews2014
Dev: Humongous Entertainment
Windows · Mac · Linux
Climb aboard to help SPY Fox save the world's ketchup supply from the evil King Konglomerate! Maneuver SPY Fox's M.E.S.S through water, space and air!
Why similar: Family Friendly 38.2%, Adventure 37%, Casual 24.7%
- #50 Ballistic M.A.D.ness
69% match5 user reviews100% of 5 reviews2021
Dev: GlurthPub: <EyE>game
Windows
Casually nuke targets on the surface of a planet with a long-range cannon, by adjusting the cannon's loaded ammo, heading, azimuth, and power.
Why similar: Space Sim 47% ★, Wargame 22.3%, Military 13.2%, Casual 8.3%, 3D 8.2%
- #51 机退怪兽
70% matchMixed64% of 289 reviews2019
Dev: Doble Punch GamesPub: Surefire.Games
Windows
指挥官,你将指挥人类最后的钢铁机甲来击退怪兽洪流!《机退怪兽》是一款以微操驱动的硬核塔防游戏。以手控操作的射击以及技能释放来适应防御阵型以及敌人配置的不断变化。
Why similar: Tower Defense 35.5%, Adventure 25.6%, Casual 18.9%, Indie 10.4%, Strategy 9.5%
- #52 Putt-Putt® and Pep's Dog on a Stick
71% matchVery Positive80% of 70 reviews2014
Dev: Humongous Entertainment
Windows · Mac · Linux
Median: 6 minMean: 14.2 hrs≥1hr: 28%
Jump in and help Pep collect all of the goodies before his rivals catch him!
Why similar: Family Friendly 38.2%, Adventure 36.4%, Casual 25.5%
- #53 Orbital Defence Command
67% match6 user reviews83% of 6 reviews2021
Dev: Dark Star Data
Windows
A third person arcade shooter set in orbit above earth. Craft and find puzzle blocks to liberate captured alien continents. Defend yourself and your blocks from constant alien attacks and avoid a variety of obstacles and disasters. Watch out for the enemy bosses when you liberate a continent!
Why similar: Space Sim 42.9% ★, Wargame 18.2%, Family Friendly 12.7%, Military 8.6%, Casual 7.6%
- #54 Fledglings
65% matchNo user reviews
Dev: Across Dimensions
Windows
Crash landed on an alien archipelago, you must raise native Fledglings to fight off waves of sea creatures at night. Collect Fledglings, scavenge for resources, and survive the nights with the help of your companions.
Why similar: Creature Collector 30.9%, Tower Defense 28.6%, Family Friendly 10.8%, Casual 8.5%, Survival 7.1%
- #55 Journey of Haha
68% matchPositive85% of 13 reviews2019
Dev: SpaceThing Games
Windows · Mac
An immersive 2D throwback to retro-style gameplay with fantastic music and 60 levels of portals, power-ups, lasers, deadly cannons, lava floors, and epic monsters. Solve the puzzle, grab the key, and help Haha to defeat the great evil waiting for her at the top.
Why similar: Adventure 33%, Casual 24.6%, Family Friendly 23.9%, Indie 13%, Singleplayer 5.6%
- #56 Suborbital
63% matchPositive90% of 10 reviews2024
Dev: Pat Traynor
Windows
A sci-fi survival game with a twist. Set in a sub-orbit of a black hole, collect materials and scavenge wrecks in order to repair your damaged ship. However, time is not on your side.
Why similar: Space Sim 58% ★, Survival 20.8%, 3D 8.9%, Adventure 6.1%, Singleplayer 4%
- #57 Starfall Odyssey
64% match8 user reviews0% of 8 reviews2024
Dev: Max
Windows
Explore planets, battle space pirates, uncover the universe's secrets in Starfall Odyssey's epic cosmic journey.
Why similar: Space Sim 64.5% ★, Adventure 24.6%, 3D 7.9%, Singleplayer 2.9%
- #58 Little Wolf
66% match7 user reviews50% of 8 reviews2021
Dev: Winged Lizard
Windows
In this Casual Adventure game we play as Ulf, a little wolf, who must find his pack and other creatures who have gotten lost and send them back home. There's something mysterious going on, Ulf needs to find out why this has happened to make Halwend safe again.
Why similar: Creature Collector 24.3%, Adventure 24%, Family Friendly 17.1%, Casual 15.6%, 3D 7.9%